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《消化病学》

胰腺癌与糖尿病相关性调查

发表时间:2010-11-10  浏览次数:394次

  作者:金爱花,朴熙绪 作者单位:延边大学附属医院 消化内科,吉林 延吉

  【摘要】 [目的]探讨胰腺癌与糖尿病的相关性,为胰腺癌的早期诊断提供依据.[方法]对2004年1月—2008年4月间收治的92例胰腺癌患者和随机抽查的同期住院患各种消化道疾病患者92例(对照组)进行分析,调查胰腺癌与糖尿病间的关系,并在胰腺癌组内进行年龄、肿瘤发生部位及糖尿病病程的比较,探讨胰腺癌合并糖尿病患者的临床特征.[结果]胰腺癌组患者中合并糖尿病者均无糖尿病家族史.合并糖尿病者为19例(21%),显著高于对照组,其中糖尿病的发病先于胰腺癌者为15例,其中糖尿病病程短于2年者为7例,长于5年者为6例,与胰腺癌同时发现者为4例;合并与未合并糖尿病的胰腺癌患者年龄和肿瘤发生部位间均无显著性差异.[结论]胰腺癌患者的糖尿病患病率明显高于对照组,且糖尿病病程的延长可使患胰腺癌风险的增加,认为糖尿病可能是胰腺癌的发病危险因素,两者具有相关性.

  【关键词】 胰腺肿瘤;糖尿病;早期诊断

  Study of correlation between pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus

  JIN Aihua, PIAO Xixu*

  (Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China)

  ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus (MD) to provide clues for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.METHODSIt was analyzed the correlation between pancreatic cancer and MD in 92 cases of pancreatic cancer and matched up 92 cases of nonpancreatic cancer be in hospital from Jan, 2004 to Apr, 2008, and the age, location of tumorigenesis and course of DM were compared within the pancreatic cancer group, and the clinical characteristics of patients with pancreatic cancer complicated by DM.RESULTSPationts with DM in pancreatic cancer group had no family history of DM. The pancreatic cancer with DM was 19 cases (21%) that was significantly higher than those in control group, in which development of DM before pancreatic cancer was 15 cases, course of DM less than 2 years was 7 cases and more than 5 years is 6 cases, and development of DM with pancreatic cancer discovered at the same time was 4 cases. The age and tumor location had no significant difference between patients of pancreatic cancer with and without DM.CONCLUSION The prevalence of DM was significantly higher in patients with pancreatic cancer than in control group, and course extention of DM increases the risk of suffering from pancreatic cancer, and DM may be one of risk factors for development of pancreatic cancer.

  Key words:pancreatic neoplasm;diabetes mellitus;early diagnosis

  胰腺癌主要指胰外分泌腺腺癌,是胰腺恶性肿瘤中最常见的一种,约占全身各种恶性肿瘤的1%~4%,占消化道恶性肿瘤的8%~10%.胰腺癌起病隐匿,病情进展快,恶性程度高,5年生存率低于1%,药物治疗仅能维持5,6个月生命[1].本研究旨在探讨胰腺癌与糖尿病间的关系,为胰腺癌的早期诊断提供依据,提高病人生存率.

  1 资料与方法

  1.1 一般资料 选择2004年1月—2008年4月间延边大学附属医院收治的胰腺癌患者92例,其中男性为51例,女性为41例;随机选择同期住院患各种消化道疾病患者92例作为对照组.两组患者在性别、年龄及体重等方面均无显著性差异,具有可比性.

  1.2 诊断标准 糖尿病的诊断标准参照美国糖尿病协会(ADA)1997年提出的诊断标准,即具有糖尿病症状且随意血糖值高于11.1mmol/L,空腹血糖(FBG)高于7.0mmol/L,餐后2h血糖高于11.1mmol/L.胰腺癌诊断标准依据为典型临床表现及影像学检查(包括腹部B型超声波及CT检查)证实有胰腺占位性病变且排除其他部位恶性肿瘤,均经外科手术及病理学检查证实为胰腺癌.

  1.3 统计学处理 组间比较采用t检验,分类资料采用χ2检验,统计学处理应用SPSS13.0软件完成.

  2 结果

  胰腺癌组患者中合并糖尿病者为19例(21%),其中男性为13例,女性为6例,均无糖尿病家族史;对照组患者中合并糖尿病者为6例(7%).胰腺癌组患者平均年龄为62岁(45~83岁),患糖尿病者平均年龄为57岁(45~76岁);对照组患糖尿病者平均年龄为53岁(46~72岁).两组患糖尿病者年龄间无显著性差异,但糖尿病患病率间有显著性差异(χ2=11.43,P<0.01).胰腺癌组患者中糖尿病先于胰腺癌发生者为15例,糖尿病病程长于5年者为6例,短于2年者为7例,糖尿病与胰腺癌同时被发现者为4例.对胰腺癌患者肿瘤发生部位进行分析结果显示,19例合并糖尿病患者中胰头癌者为1例,胰体尾癌为5例,全胰癌为3例,非糖尿病患者中胰头癌者为42例,胰体尾癌为20例,全胰癌为9例,相比较见肿瘤发生部位间无显著性差异.

  3 讨论

  目前,关于胰腺癌与糖尿病之间的因果关系尚不明确,有学者认为糖尿病是胰腺癌的病因之一,胰腺癌患者与其他疾病患者相比较,糖尿病发生率明显升高,且5年以上的糖尿病史可提高胰腺癌的发生率[2].还有一些学者提出,糖尿病可能是胰腺癌的早期症状之一,而不是糖尿病的原因,因为胰岛素拮抗往往发生在肿瘤早期,是胰腺癌症状出现之前发生糖尿病的原因,且50岁以上的糖尿病患者中仅有1%的患者在糖尿病病史3年内被诊断为胰腺癌,故认为糖尿病是胰腺癌所引起的结果[36].少数学者则认为,糖尿病既是诱发胰腺癌的病因之一,又是胰腺癌的早期症状[7].本研究结果表明,胰腺癌患者的糖尿病患病率较其他疾病患者明显增高.认为长期高血糖状态对胰腺是慢性刺激,可能导致胰腺细胞癌变[8].胰腺癌本身也可以通过破坏胰岛组织,释放细胞因子促进糖尿病的发生和发展.胰岛素在体外对胰腺癌细胞有直接促生长作用,此作用呈现量效关系,血糖和游离脂肪酸也促进肿瘤细胞增殖[9].据报道,糖尿病患者存在免疫功能调节紊乱,因免疫功能受损,免疫监视作用减弱,易诱发恶性肿瘤[10].综上所述,糖尿病可能是胰腺癌的发病危险因素,两者具有相关性.

  【参考文献】

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  [8] Ishikawa O, Ohhigashi A, Wada A, et al..Morphologic characteristics of pancreatic carcinoma with diabetes mellitus[J].Cancer,1989,64(6):1107.

  [9] Yalniz M, Pour PM.Diabetes mellitus: a risk factor for pancreatic cancer[J].Langenbeck Arch Surg,2005, 390(1):66.

  [10] Zhang YH, Yin Y, Zhang HZ, et al..Study of mensuration of immune function of macrophages and lymphocytes and erythrocytes in malignant tumors[J].Clin Oncol,2003,30(7):501.

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