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掌长肌游离移植治疗8例陈旧性sterner病疗效分析

发表时间:2010-10-27  浏览次数:433次

  作者:李勋,崔虎山 作者单位:(1.延边大学附属医院 骨科,吉林 延吉 133000;2.上海我立得医院 骨科,上海 200438)

  【摘要】 [背景]回顾性分析掌长肌游离移植治疗陈旧性stener病患者的临床效果.[病例报告]自2000年7月至2007年7月间给不能直接缝合的8例拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带陈旧性损伤患者行掌长肌游离移植修复尺侧副韧带,观察患者术后日常生活受限程度、疼痛、稳定性、握力及关节活动范围等情况.6例患者日常生活无受限,2例当举重物时存在不适感,术后无疼痛病例.7例患者术后掌指关节稳定,1例出现轻度的关节松弛; 握力较健侧下降15%以下者为5例,15%~30%者为3例.所有患者关节活动范围较健侧均减少20°.[讨论]掌长肌游离移植修复术是治疗拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带陈旧性损伤的有效方法.

  【关键词】 移植;拇指;侧副韧带

  Analysis of curative effects of free tendon graft using palmaris longus for 8 cases of old stener

  LI Xun1, CUI Hushan2

  (1.Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China;2.Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Wolide Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China)

  ABSTRACT:BACKGROUDTo analyze retrospectively the clinical effects of free tendon graft using palmaris longus for treatment of old stener lesion.CASE REPORTSFrom July, 2000 to July, 2007, 8 cases of old stener were treated by free tendon graft using palmaris longus, and it was observed that the limited degree of postoperative daily life, pain, stability, key pinch and range of joint motion. 6 patients had no limited the daily life, 2 patients had some discomfort at lifting heavy materials, and no one had postoperative pain. The postoperative metacarpophalangeal joint in 7 patients was stable and in 1 patient had mild arthrochalasis. The grip power on operated side of 5 patients was lost <15% and 3 patients 15~30%, and the rage of joint movement on the operated side in all patients was reduced 20 degree.DISCUSSIONThe free tendon graft using palmaris longus is effective technique in treatment of the old stener lesion.

  Key words:transportation;thumb;collateral ligaments

  拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带损伤引起的关节不稳定被称为skier’s,gamekeeper’s拇指.stener病病理变化为断裂的尺侧副韧带夹入拇收肌腱膜,引起掌指关节持续不稳定及疼痛,导致拇指功能障碍,保守治疗无法治愈本病,其手术治疗方法有多种.本观察应用改良的掌长肌游离移植方法治疗了8例stener病患者,获得了满意的效果.

  1 临床资料

  1.1 一般资料 选择延边大学附属医院自2000年7月至2007年7月间因不能直接缝合而接受掌长肌游离移植修复尺侧副韧带的拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带陈旧性损伤患者8例为研究对象,平均年龄为34岁(18~52岁);右手6例,左手2例;受伤原因以跌倒伤为多数,受伤后至手术平均时间为10个月.所有患者均行掌长肌移植.

  1.2 手术适应症及手术方法 手术适应症:与健侧比较,关节稳定性及拇指侧方应力位经放射线检查结果提示30°以上有差异定为手术适应症(图1a).手术方法:拇指掌指关节尺侧行S形切口,切除断裂的尺侧副韧带,充分暴露掌指关节尺侧及近侧指骨基底部.近节指骨基底部用钻头垂直钻孔,用细钢丝将掌长肌引出骨隧道,在掌骨头部水平钻孔,将掌长肌两侧经骨隧道引出掌骨头桡侧,用不吸收缝线固定于骨膜及腱周组织,取得接近正常尺侧副韧带的形状.术后石膏固定6周,观察掌指关节稳定性、活动范围、疼痛程度、活动受限及握力等情况[1].

  1.3 结果 术后掌指关节稳定者为7例,松弛者为1例;日常生活无受限者为6例,2例当举重物时存在不适感;无疼痛病例.术后握力较健侧降低15%以下者为5例,15%~30%者为3例.所有患者关节活动范围较健侧均减少20°(图1b).

  2 讨论

  拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带损伤常发生于进行滑雪等体育运动中,而不恰当的治疗可导致握力的减弱及慢性疼痛,亦可因掌指关节的不稳定引发关节炎.stener病变在拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带损伤中占14%~83%,而急性拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带完全损伤相伴的stener病变只能通过手术修复,不伴有stener病变的完全断裂可通过非手术治疗方法进行治疗.对拇指尺侧副韧带治疗有多种观点,普遍认为对有移位的撕脱骨折者应采用手术治疗,对不伴有撕脱骨折合并关节不稳定及急性损伤者可采用功能位固定的保守治疗,对慢性损伤或保守治疗无效者采用韧带修复或韧带重建.拇指尺侧副韧带损伤与手部其他侧副韧带损伤不同,治疗效果难以预测,故多采用手术修复[2].Lee等[3]通过尸检研究比较了4种拇指掌指关节侧副韧带修复方法,在关节的稳定性方面无显著性差异,但以近侧为顶点的三角形形态修复后关节屈伸活动范围最大.总之,认为对拇指掌指关节尺侧副韧带陈旧性损伤采用掌长肌腱游离移植修复侧副韧带是恢复掌指关节稳定性及功能的有效方法.

  【参考文献】

  [1] Glickel SZ, Malerich M, Pearce SM, et al..Ligament replacement for chronic instability of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb[J].J Hand Surg,1993,18A:930.

  [2] Fairhurst M, Hansen L.Treatment of “Gamekeeper’s Thumb” by reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament[J].J Hand Surg,2002,27B:542.

  [3] Lee SK, Erik N, Kubia K, et al..Thumb metacarpophalangeal ulnar collateral ligament injuries: A biomechanical simulation study of four static reconstructions[J].J Hand Surg,2005,30:1056.

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