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《心血管病学》

血清C-反应蛋白在冠心病患者中的变化及其意义

发表时间:2010-05-10  浏览次数:443次

  作者:刘兴德, 王淑琴*, 吴立荣, 方 颖 作者单位:贵阳医学院附院 心内科, 贵州 贵阳 550004

  【摘要】 目的: 探讨冠心病(CAD)患者血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)的变化及其临床意义。方法: 运用全自动生化分析仪检测97例CAD患者和28例对照组人群的血清CRP,将CAD患者进一步分为急性冠脉综合征(ACS)和非急性冠脉综合征(N-ACS)两组。另外,将97例CAD患者分为1支病变组、2支病变组和3支病变组。所有研究对象均行选择性冠状动脉造影检查。结果: (1)与对照组比较,CAD患者血清CRP显著升高(P<0.05);(2)与对照组比较,ACS组和N-ACS组患者血清CRP均显著升高(P<0.05);与N-ACS组比较, ACS组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05);(3)与对照组比较,1支病变组、2支病变组和3支病变组患者血清CRP均显著升高(P<0.05);与1支病变组比较, 2支病变组和3支病变组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05);与2支病变组比较,3支病变组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05)。结论: (1)CRP可能与CAD有关;(2)CRP异常升高可能反映冠状动脉斑块的不稳定和CAD的严重程度。

  【关键词】 C反应蛋白质; 冠状动脉疾病; 冠状血管造影术; 炎症

  The Changes of Serum C-reactive Protein Level in Patients with

  Coronary Artery Disease and Its Clinical Significance

  LIU Xingde, WANG Shuqin, WU Lirong, FANG Ying

  (Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of

  Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China)

  [Abstract] Objective: To study the changes of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and its clinical significance. Methods: CRP levels of 97 patients with CAD diagnosed by using coronary angiography, and 28 people without the disease (control group) were measured with automatic biochemical analysator. All the CAD patients were divided into subgroups of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and non-acute coronary syndrome (NACS), and into subgroups of one diseased vessel (subgroup 1), two diseased vessels (subgroup 2), and three diseased vessels (subgroup 3). The data were analyzed. Results: (1) CRP in patients with CAD was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05); (2) CRP in patients with ACS and without ACS was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), also, CRP in patients with ACS was significantly higher that of patients in subgroup NACS, (P<0.05); (3) CRP in patients of subgroup 1, 2, and 3 was significantly higher than that of people of control group (P<0.05); CRP in patients of subgroups 2 and 3 was higher than that of subgroup 1 (P<0.05), and that of subgroup 3 was higher than that of subgroup 2 (P<0.05). Conclusions: (1) CRP may be correlated with CAD; (2) The increase of CRP level may reflect the instability of coronary artery plaque and the severity of CAD.

  [Key words] C-reactive protein; coronary artery disease; coronary angiography; inflammation

  冠心病(CAD)已成为当今严重危害人类健康、影响人们生活质量的最常见心血管疾病之一。近年来,血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)检测在心血管疾病的风险评估中起重要作用[1]。目前,感染及炎症与CAD 的关系已成为研究的热点。有研究显示,感染和炎症与CAD 的发生、发展有密切关系,并有可能是导致动脉粥样硬化和CAD 的重要因素[2] 。拟测定CAD患者血清中CRP的水平, 探讨CAD患者中CRP含量的变化及其临床意义。

  1 对象与方法

  1.1 对象

  2004年3月~2006年4月住我院的经冠状动脉造影检查确诊为冠心病的患者97例,其中男76例,女21例,年龄40~82岁,平均年龄(62.02±10.24)岁。97例冠心病患者中,ACS组66例,其中男61例,女5例,年龄41~79岁,平均(62.51±10.14)岁;N-ACS组31例,其中男23例,女8例,年龄42~82岁,平均(63.90±10.31)岁。97例冠心病患者中,1支病变组35例,其中男25例,女10例,年龄43~81岁,平均(61.21±10.07)岁;2支病变组30例,其中男23例,女7例,年龄42~80岁,平均(62.78±10.55)岁;3支病变组32例,其中男27例,女5例,年龄52~80岁,平均(63.33±9.74)岁;对照组28例,其中男15例,女13例,年龄40~78岁,平均(59.75±10.81)岁,系因不典型胸痛住院、心电图检查无明显缺血性改变并经冠状动脉造影检查排除冠心病的患者。

  所有研究对象均常规做超声心动图、胸片、心电图、空腹12 h抽静脉血查肝肾功能、血脂、血尿酸、血红蛋白、CRP等;合并感染、肝肾功能异常、糖尿病、肿瘤、风湿性疾病以及服用他汀类药物的患者不作为入选对象。

  1.2 冠心病诊断标准

  采用Judkin法接受选择性冠状动脉造影检查,至少1支冠状动脉管腔狭窄≥50%[3]。

  1.3 CRP检测

  采用德国原装进口试剂,利用德国生产的bayer1650全自动生化分析仪进行检测。

  1.4 统计学处理

  用SPSS 10.0软件包进行统计分析。CRP数据呈非正态分布,以中位数(M)和四分位数间距(QR)表示。非正态分布资料多组间比较用Kruskal-Wallis检验,两两比较用Mann-Whitney U 检验。

  2 结果

  2.1 CAD患者血清CRP的变化

  CAD患者血清CRP的变化见表1。从表1可见,与对照组比较,CAD患者血清CRP显著升高(P<0.05)。表1 冠心病患者血清C-反应蛋白的变化(1)与对照组比较,P<0.05

  2.2 ACS组与N-ACS组患者血清CRP的变化

  ACS组与N-ACS组患者血清CRP的变化见表2。从表2可见,与对照组比较,ACS组和N-ACS组患者血清CRP均显著升高(P<0.05);与N-ACS组比较, ACS组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05)。 表2 急性冠脉综合征患者血清C-反应蛋白的变化 (1)与对照组比较,P<0.05;(2)与N-ACS组比较,P<0.05

  2.3 不同病变支数患者血清C-反应蛋白的变化

  不同病变支数冠心病患者血清CRP的变化见表3。表3 不同病变支数冠心病患者血清C-反应蛋白的变化 (1)与对照组比较,P<0.05;(2)与1支病变组比较,P<0.05;(3) 与2支病变组比较,P<0.05

  从表3可见,与对照组比较,1支病变组、2支病变组和3支病变组患者血清CRP均显著升高(P<0.05);与1支病变组比较, 2支病变组和3支病变组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05);与2支病变组比较,3支病变组患者血清CRP亦显著升高(P<0.05)。

  3 讨论

  CRP是Tillethe于1930 年在肺炎患者血清中发现的一种反应素,它能沉淀肺炎球菌的C 多糖,因此,被称为CRP。CRP由肝脏合成,是反映机体组织炎症急性期状态的一个敏感而可靠的指标[4],目前CRP已成为心血管疾病的研究热点[5,6] 。

  本研究显示, CAD患者血清CRP显著高于对照组患者,表明CRP可能与CAD有关。有学者给一些CRP 水平高的CAD患者使用阿司匹林及HMG-COA 还原酶抑制剂(普伐他汀) 抑制炎症反应,使CRP水平降低,发现可延缓CAD的发展及降低CAD心脏事件的发生[7]。提示对CAD患者进行抗炎治疗以降低患者CRP水平,可能有助于CAD患者病情的控制和减少CAD患者急性心血管事件的发生。

  ACS是一组有关CAD急性心肌缺血的临床表现总称,包括不稳定型心绞痛、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死和ST段抬高型心肌梗死。ACS约占CAD患者的50%。有学者认为, 动脉粥样硬化是一种炎症过程,肺炎衣原体、氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白等因素首先造成内皮细胞的损伤,之后多种炎性因子累及动脉粥样硬化发生、发展的各个阶段,如泡沫细胞、脂质条纹及纤维斑块的形成,而斑块内细胞与分子的组成直接影响其稳定性,决定ACS的发生[8]。本研究显示,ACS组和N-ACS组患者血清CRP均显著高于对照组患者;而ACS组患者血清CRP亦显著高于N-ACS组,提示CRP可能不仅是CAD的定性指标,同时也可能是判断冠状动脉斑块不稳定的指标。

  本研究还显示,3支病变组CAD患者血清CRP显著高于2支病变组,而后者的血清CRP又显著高于1支病变组,提示血清CRP水平可间接反映冠状动脉的严重程度,有望成为判断冠状动脉疾病预后的指标。

  【参考文献】

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  [2] Ross R. At herosclerosis-an inflammatory disease[J].N Engl J Med ,1999(340):115-126.

  [3] 何平,王生仁,李志勇,等.冠状动脉造影临床应用[J]. 航空航天医药,2005(2):26.

  [4] Nader Rifai,Paul M Ridker. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein:A novel and promising marker of coronary heart disease[J]. Clin Chem,2001(47):403-411.

  [5] Abbate A,Biondi-Zoccai G G,Brugaletta S,et al.C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of outcome following acute coronary syndromes syndromes[J].Semin Vasc Med,2003(4):375-384.

  [6] Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Application to clinical and public health practice:a statement for health care professionals from the centers for disease control and prevention and American heart association [J]. Circulation,2003(3):499-511.

  [7] 罗玮.普伐他汀对血浆C-反应蛋白浓度的长期作用[J].国外医学·心血管疾病分册,2002(2):118.

  [8] Kita T,Kume N,Minami M,et al.Role of oxidized LDL atherosclerosis [J].Ann NY Acad Sci,2001(947)∶199-205.

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